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Metformin is a first-line oral antihyperglycemic agent belonging to the biguanide class. It is the most widely prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide. Metformin primarily works by reducing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It does not cause hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy and may promote weight neutrality or modest weight loss.
Metformin is a first-line oral antihyperglycemic agent belonging to the biguanide class. It is the most widely prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide. Metformin primarily works by reducing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It does not cause hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy and may promote weight neutrality or modest weight loss.
Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic medical condition characterized by persistently elevated arterial blood pressure. It is classified as primary (essential, 90-95% of cases) or secondary (5-10% due to identifiable causes). Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney disease, and premature death.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by progressive insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, resulting in chronic hyperglycemia. It accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes cases globally, affecting approximately 537 million adults worldwide (IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edition, 2021).
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