Symptoms

Abdominal pain is pain felt between the chest and pelvic regions. It can be acute or chronic, localized or diffuse, and may originate from organs in the abdominal cavity or be referred from other areas. The evaluation of abdominal pain requires systematic approach as it can range from benign conditions to life-threatening emergencies.

Anxiety is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by anxiety and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Loss of Appetite is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by loss of appetite and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints, affecting approximately 80% of adults at some point in their lives. It can be acute (<4 weeks), subacute (4-12 weeks), or chronic (>12 weeks), and may originate from muscles, ligaments, joints, discs, or nerve roots in the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine.

Bloating is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by bloating and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Easy Bruising is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by easy bruising and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Chest pain is a symptom characterized by discomfort or pain in the chest area, which may originate from the heart, lungs, esophagus, musculoskeletal structures, or other thoracic organs. It is one of the most common reasons for emergency department visits and can range from benign causes to life-threatening conditions requiring immediate intervention.

Chills is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by chills and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Difficulty Concentrating is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by difficulty concentrating and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Confusion is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by confusion and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Constipation is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by constipation and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Cough is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by cough and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Cyanosis (Bluish Skin) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by cyanosis (bluish skin) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Depressed Mood is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by depressed mood and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Diarrhea is defined as the passage of loose, unformed stools, typically with increased frequency (>3 stools per day) or increased volume. It can be acute (<2 weeks), persistent (2-4 weeks), or chronic (>4 weeks). Diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries and among young children.

Dizziness is a broad term encompassing sensations of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, vertigo (spinning sensation), or near-fainting. It is one of the most common reasons for medical consultation and can arise from vestibular, neurological, cardiovascular, or metabolic causes.

Difficulty Swallowing is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by difficulty swallowing and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Ear Pain is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by ear pain and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by excessive thirst (polydipsia) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Fainting (Syncope) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by fainting (syncope) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Fatigue is a subjective feeling of tiredness, exhaustion, or lack of energy that can result from physical, mental, or emotional exertion, or from underlying medical conditions. It is one of the most common reasons for medical consultation and can significantly impact quality of life, productivity, and daily functioning.

Fever is an elevation of body temperature above the normal daily variation, typically defined as a core body temperature >=100.4F (38C). It is a common physiological response to infection, inflammation, and other conditions, mediated by pyrogens acting on the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center.

Frequent Urination (Polyuria) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by frequent urination (polyuria) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Hair Loss is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by hair loss and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Headache is pain in any region of the head, which may be primary (idiopathic, such as migraine, tension-type, or cluster headache) or secondary (due to an underlying condition). Headaches are extremely common, affecting nearly everyone at some point in life. While most headaches are benign, some represent serious medical conditions.

Heartburn/Reflux is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by heartburn/reflux and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Blood in Urine is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by blood in urine and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Coughing Up Blood is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by coughing up blood and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Hives (Urticaria) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by hives (urticaria) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Hoarseness is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by hoarseness and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Urinary Incontinence is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by urinary incontinence and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, or early morning awakening despite adequate opportunity for sleep, resulting in daytime impairment. It can be classified as short-term (acute, <3 months), chronic (>3 months, ≥3 nights/week), or recurrent. Chronic insomnia affects 6-10% of the adult population.

Irritability is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by irritability and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Itching (Pruritus) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by itching (pruritus) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Jaundice is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by jaundice and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Joint pain (arthralgia) is discomfort in one or more joints, which may occur with or without joint swelling (arthritis). It can arise from the joint structures themselves (cartilage, synovium, ligaments, bone) or from surrounding tissues (tendons, bursae, muscles). Joint pain is one of the most common reasons for medical consultation.

Malaise is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by malaise and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Black Tarry Stools is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by black tarry stools and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Memory Loss is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by memory loss and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Muscle Pain is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by muscle pain and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Nail Changes is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by nail changes and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Nasal Congestion is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by nasal congestion and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Nausea is the unpleasant, subjective sensation of an urge to vomit. It is a non-specific symptom that can arise from various physiological and pathological processes involving the gastrointestinal tract, vestibular system, central nervous system, or metabolic disturbances.

Night Sweats is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by night sweats and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Nocturia is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by nocturia and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Numbness/Tingling is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by numbness/tingling and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Painful Urination is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by painful urination and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Palpitations is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by palpitations and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Pelvic Pain is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by pelvic pain and may be associated with multiple body systems.

A rash is a visible change in the skin's appearance, including color, texture, or pattern. It can present as erythema, papules, vesicles, plaques, or macules, and may be localized or generalized. Rashes can indicate allergic reactions, infections, autoimmune conditions, or medication reactions.

Rectal Bleeding is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by rectal bleeding and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Seizure is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by seizure and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is the subjective experience of breathing discomfort, described as air hunger, chest tightness, or breathlessness. It is a normal response to exercise but becomes pathological when it occurs at rest or with minimal exertion, significantly impacting quality of life.

Sneezing is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by sneezing and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Speech Difficulty is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by speech difficulty and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Leg Swelling (Edema) is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by leg swelling (edema) and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Excessive Thirst is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by excessive thirst and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Sore Throat is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by sore throat and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Tremor is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by tremor and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Urinary Urgency is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by urinary urgency and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Vertigo is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by vertigo and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Vision Changes is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by vision changes and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Vomiting (emesis) is the forceful expulsion of gastric contents through the mouth. It is a complex reflex coordinated by the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata. It often accompanies nausea but can occur without preceding nausea (e.g., increased intracranial pressure).

Weakness is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by weakness and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Unintentional Weight Gain is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by unintentional weight gain and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Unintentional Weight Loss is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by unintentional weight loss and may be associated with multiple body systems.

Wheezing is a symptom that can indicate various underlying conditions. It is characterized by wheezing and may be associated with multiple body systems.